Wednesday, October 8, 2008

The Absorbent Mind 2

10/8/2008 Assignment 2
Philosophy Part II
The Absorbent Mind
Feng Mei Shao

In Chapter 15, we learn that we, as teachers, should be careful not to destroy any of life’s natural tendencies.

In Chapter 16, we learn that the child is completely dependent on us early on, then he/she progresses to take control of his/her life.

In Chapter 17, the real explosion takes place in inner personality; the child will find himself under his own circumstances and not through educational method.

In Chapter 18, Montessori discusses the upbringing of a child; the mother should not threaten or pamper, but let the child “normalize”.

In Chapter 19, Montessori discusses classification of children into society groups, if they are “good” or “bad”

In Chapter 20, children need to achieve their own character; they do not need so much help from the outside as they do from their inner character.

In Chapter 21, the child is a spiritual builder who influences his own free development, they act under natural laws.

In Chapter 22, children develop by their own in groups; their social development is done in schools.

In Chapter 23, children first try to develop themselves, then they put the group first and develop for the whole.

In Chapter 24, mistakes and correction methods are used, gently correcting a child is best as he develops on his own.


Quote: “It is as though nature had drawn a dividing line; on the one side are happenings we can no longer remember: on the other side is the beginning of memory.” (p.165)

When this boy walked into classroom in the morning, he said that wanted to complete the math today. (He works on math everyday). After attendance, he prepares two rugs and the needed materials. He opens the container first, and takes out one set of numerals (10, 20, 30 … 100). He mixes up the cards, and then finds the corresponding one. Afterwards, he takes the Numeral Cards 10, 20. 30,…100 and matches them with the corresponding beads. As he worked, he was very quiet and concentrated. Occasionally, he would stop to take a break. He would get a snack, talk to other children, then go back to work. When he found that there were some numbers that he was confused about, he called a teacher over to help him. He spent 2 hours focusing on this activity. I have found that he is interested in math, because when he is free to choose whichever activity he wants to do, he always chooses the math. There are prepared environments for children at each successive developmental plane.



Quote: “We may regard everything concerning character under the guise of human behavior.” (p.194)
On Share Day, a child will bring his or her own favorite thing to classroom to share with everyone. When the child brings something in, he or she will a few minutes to describe it. Then, other children will ask questions about it, or make comments about it. They will ask things such as “Where you get it?”, “Who give to you?”. However, a few younger or quieter students will be very timid and will not know what to say about what they brought in. In these cases, the teacher will give guidance and tell the child to say something simple like, “I like it.” In the social environment, the children help and learn from each other, by sharing or talking. They develop confidence, self-esteem and nurturing skills as well as skills in maintaining their love for learning.

Quote: “Once we have created an environment in which all the objects are attuned to children’s developmental needs, we have done all that is needed to produce this phenomenon.” (p. 244)

J is a 5 ½ year, in her second year in Montessori school. During the week, she spends a few days in a special school. She has never spoken to anybody. This year was the first year that she began to speak a little bit to others. All her movements are very slow because her hands are not well coordinated. Because the activities in the classroom such as Practical Life- Pouring Activity, buttoning, and folding, Sensorial-Pink Tower, Broad Stairs, Geometric Cabinet work, help to strengthen her muscles and hands, when she is working on them, she often repeats what she does many times. Those works are reinforces aided by touch, light tracing. I observed that she was very concentrated in her work. Also, she alternates the way she works too. For some activities, she will place things differently or move all the different objects around. One day I decided to give her new lesson – Metal Insets presentation I. Metal Insets are exercises that give practice in pencil control, and draw shapes to produce the graphic symbols of the English alphabet. The teacher’s role is to step back and not interrupt and giving children a sense of control did it.

Diamira Chapters 14-28

Diamira

Assignment 2 Chapters 14 - 28

Chapter 14

The development of the use of the hand coincided with mental development; with this development great strides are made.

Chapter 15

A child develops his walking ability by being allowed to walk and see his environment at his pace, not an adult’s.

Chapter 16

The child after 3 becomes an individual with a purpose to learn and be independent, expanding on what he formed before three.

Chapter 17

Children should be taught proper names to increase vocabulary, imagination should be used to teach them about things they can not see or experience themselves.

Chapter 18

A character of a child is dependent on his experiences and care from age 0-3, if not when he is in the age of 3-6 is afraid to experience new things, the child need to be fed mentally to develop.

Chapter 19

Work and freedom are needed for the child’s development, concentration and order aids in correcting deviations.

Chapter 20

There are different types of personalities, “stronger and the weaker” while working with others the child grows and becomes balanced.

Chapter 21

The child learns the workings of things around him and he learns to value them.


Chapter 22
In a Montessori classroom the children are part of a community, children learn to support each other in learning, and develop socially.

Chapter 23

The child is part of a social group and learns to concentrate, work independently and with others.


Chapter 24

Neither praise nor complements should be made to the child’s work; the child alone should correct his mistakes, teaching him to be independent in his work.

Chapter 25

The first level is when a child is trying to learn to be obedient, the second level the child learns to obey others wishes, the third level the child knows through obedience he will learn from his teacher.

Chapter 26

The teacher’s discipline allows her to follow the child’s lead and learn from them what they need of her.

Chapter 27

The teacher’s role is to prepare the environment for the child, entice them to the materials and be able to present them and allow them to experience the work on their own so they may grown in learning.

Chapter 28

The love of a child expands through his family and through everyone he touches, we must prepare that child so he may continue to love.


Quotes:

“Insatiable at this age is a child’s thirst for words, and inexhaustible has capacity for learning the.” Page 175

When I read this quote it reminded me of the “parts of a whole” lessons. We have one boy in our classroom that is always drawn to those lessons. He loves learning the vocabulary. It’s amazing how much he retains and uses. I’m sure it’s vocabulary he will carry his whole life.

“Yet I saw in my first school, and in all those which have followed it, that these traits vanish as soon as the children become absorbed in a piece of work that attracts the. The so-called bad qualities, together with the god and superior, all vanish and there remains only one kind of child.” Page 201

We have one boy in our classroom that is a leader; several boys like to follow him around the classroom. When he is busy working and absorbed in his work he isn't distracted by them at all he just focuses on his work. It’s wonderful to see how he loves his work and doesn't let himself get pulled away by them. When that happens the other boys find work to do also.
“There is only one specimen of each object, and if a piece is in use when another child wants it, the latter- if he is normalized will wait for it to be released” page 223

We have new 3 years old as most classrooms have at this time of the year. One little girl has a sister in the classroom that is 5. The other day the 3 year old wanted one of the lessons that was being used. She stood in front of the child and said “I wanted to work with that”. The older sister came over very protective; I watched to see what she would do before saying anything. She took her sister over and told her “You have to wait your turn, find something else to do while you wait.” and walked away. I was very surprised, I expected her to say something to the child with the work but she didn't. The older child is very normalized and accustomed to waiting for lessons she wants to work with. Later on the 3 year old was able to use that work, and another child went to the shelf at the same time, it was a water lesson so she had to have an apron and the 3 year old had one on so she took the lesson, when she had it in her hands she turned to the other child and said. “When I'm done you can do it.” It felt great to hear that coming from her.

grainne-chapters 14-28

14
Man’s intelligence develops to a higher level with the use of his hands.
15
Children learn through imitation. Children love to engage in activities that require effort.
16
From 3 to 6 a child begins to master his environment, he tries to perfect his actions by means of activity.
17
A child can use his mind to visualize real things not just imaginary things and he has the ability to learn many new words. What we learn between 3 and 6 can never be canceled.
18
Defects come "from one single cause, which is insufficient nourishment for the life of the mind."
19
All children, even those with defects, react the same and show discipline in the prepared environment.
20
People are either pulled naturally toward perfection or toward anti-social or extra-social behavior. With the best character education all would strive for perfection.
21
Love of environment makes children treat things with great care.
22
You can not teach concentration and patience but experience can.
23
Children naturally put the group first and try to succeed for its benefit. Also, the weak are given help and the older children are treated with respect.
24
Organization is needed for children to be free to work. Control of error lets the child correct his own mistakes.
25
Obedience occurs in three levels. The power to obey is the last phase in the development of the will.
26
Our task as teachers is to show the way to discipline and the path to perfection.
27
The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to see that the children are all working and do not need her.
28
Love springs from it’s source-the child.

A.M. part two

Here are my quotes first. The summaries I will post later. It is so hard to just pick two quotes:)


Quote 1 pages 174-75

"He has a special sensitiveness for words; they attract his interest, and he spontaneously accumulates a very great number....When taking the children out for a walk....the children taught (the teachers)the names of every kind of automobile....Insatiable at this age is the child's thirst for words, and inexhaustible his capacity for learning them."

It's funny to me how you know these things but when you read it the way Montessori says it it has so much more meaning. Anyway this quote explains the stage my son is in right now. He is three and he can name every make of car on the road...PT Cruiser, Honda Civic, Toyota Prius, Subaru Forester...This started at about 2 1/2. He would ask me what is that? I didn't know how to answer. A car? An SUV? A Nissan? How could he understand all these different ways of classifying cars? But it all seemed to make sense to him and now I know he wanted to know all of those answers at once! That is a Nissan Morano SUV. It really blows you away.

Quote 2 page 225

"Teachers who use direct methods cannot understand how social behavior is fostered in a Montessori school. They think it offers scholastic material but not social material. They say, "If the child does everything on his own, what becomes of social life?" But what is social life if not the solving of social problems, behaving properly and pursuing aims acceptable to all?"

I have found this to be a common misunderstanding about Montessori. The idea that if everyone is working on their own then they are not learning to socialize. I think of one of my good friends who was a middle school english teacher and now has three children 2-6 years old. When I asked her if she had thought about sending her oldest to Montessori she said "Yes but he is already very good at concentrating and working on his own. I want him to learn how to be social and work with the group." It surprises me that anyone can think that 25 children in the same space are somehow not in a social setting.

Trish Wymore - Assignment 2

Assignment 2
Trish Wymore


Development and Imitation
In order to gain the most from imitating adults, the child of 1 ½ and 2 must first prepare himself (on his own schedule) through uninterrupted cycles of physical activity which help to coordinate his movements.

From Unconscious Creator to Conscious Worker
During the first three years, a child is busy “creating” himself. Although he will have no recollection of this work, it comes to fruition when he enters the period of 3-6 when he is able act upon the foundation he previously built.

Further Elaboration Through Culture and Imagination
Vocabulary (especially scientific) is most rapidly enriched during the 3-6 period and sets basis for future learning. Order and precision, the period which is most intense during 3-6 forms the basis of the mathematical mind.

Character and Defects in Childhood
The child who is mentally starved will exhibit all sorts of character defects which can only be fixed through meaningful, mentally stimulating work.

The Child's Contribution to Society-Normalization
If a child's personality fails to become organized, any number of deviations can arise. Normalization will occur when the child's whole personality is aroused and engaged in meaningful work.

Character building is the Child's Own Achievement
Character cannot be taught during the period of 3-6, it must be allowed to unfold with the properly prepared surroundings. After 6 however, character cannot develop spontaneously and it is not merely enough to role model the behaviors we wish to encourage.

Children's Possessiveness and Its transformations
The trait of possessiveness will be transformed and replaced with a love for knowledge if the child is allowed to develop his concentration independent of the adult . Knowledge will awaken a great love and a desire learn about things around him.

Social Development
concentration is the foundation for social development and is aided by an environment that protects the child's concentration. The child can then begin to perfect himself through his social interactions which ideally occur in a mixed age environment where younger children look up to older children and they in turn help to nurture their younger peers.

Cohesion and the Social Unit
A social unity among children can be achieved through their own efforts. We must protect their efforts by not encouraging competition, rewards and punishments as a means of control, and giving morality lectures.

Mistakes and their correction
But incorporating a control of error into works, the child can check his own progress and not be dependent upon an adult to construct his knowledge. Free from guessing or waiting for a teacher to confirm his work, the child can continue to improve his performance and increase the likelihood that he will try again in the future.

The three levels of obedience
The child passes through three levels starting with inconsistent obeying, to obeying through self control, and ending with joyful obeying.

Discipline and the teacher
Discipline is not something done to the child, but something that is “born” when a child reaches a level of concentration - uninterrupted. The teacher can protect this concentration by carefully observing for it's first signs, preventing disruptions and imitations of other children, and providing a smile of encouragement when called for.

The teacher's preparation
A Montessori teacher must prepare in several areas: herself (spiritually especially), the classroom environment, her presentation to the children (enticement), and finally by finding contentment in doing nothing at all at times.

Love and its source – the child
Love is our greatest power, and it's source is the child.

Quotes:
“It is not a good thing to cut life in two, using the limbs for games and the head for books. Life should be a single whole, especially in the earliest years, when the child is forming himself in accordance with the laws of his growth” (p164).


“If we examine the progress of work recommended for use in schools, we see at once their poverty and dullness. The education of today is humiliating. It produces an inferiority complex and artificially lowers the powers of man. Its very organization sets a limit to knowledge well below the natural level. It supplies men with crutches when they could run on swift feet. It is an education based on man's lower powers, not on his higher ones. And it is man's own fault if the majority of human beings are inferior, for the formation of their characters during the constructive period has been prevented” (p. 214).

I found this quote to be so sad! It could easily have been written today about my son's school. I do find the techniques to be humiliating, and the daily worksheets he brings home to be so under stimulating and relentless. It is very difficult for me to keep my feelings about his experience to myself. Fortunately (or not) he doesn't know any other way of education and he seems to be handling it in his own way.


“There is only one specimen of each object, and if a piece is in use when another child wants it, the latter – if he is normalized – will wait for it to be released. Important social qualities derive from this. The child comes to see that he must respect the work of others, not because someone has said he must, but because it is a reality that he meets in his daily experience. There is only one between many children, so there nothing for it but to wait. and since this happens every hour of the day for years, the idea of respecting others, and of waiting one's turn, becomes an habitual part of life which always grows more mature” (p. 223-224).


Prior to learning about Montessori, I did not believe that young children should be forced to wait for anything! I couldn't understand why little children should be forced to wait when they were clearly unable to!! The first year of my preschool (4 years ago) I had five children ages 18 months to 2 years. We constructed a brand new classroom addition to our house and I promptly supplied it with five of everything. No child would be forced to wait in my class!! The first clues I began to receive about my obvious misguided understandings came during the first week of school when the children went to choose from the five identical strollers lined up against one wall. Two little girls nearly came to blows over the same stroller. Needless to say, I witnessed the beauty of of the transformation to having one of everything. I would never have been convinced had i not been a part of it and now see it every day!

“It is hard to believe how deep this atmosphere of protection and admiration becomes in practice. The class gets to be cemented by affection (p. 227).


Our class has a definite feeling of affection toward each other. With only 12 girls, some who have been coming for four years, it is sometimes a very intimate atmosphere. One of the girls has a special condition that keeps her from speaking in school. Her transition two years ago was very difficult for everyone and she screamed for nearly a month. Her condition became quickly apparent at that time, and as I learned more about her special needs, I became fairly protective of her. Over the last three years, the girls have nurtured her, learned to communicate with her on her terms, and have always tried to include her in their work and play. Interestingly, this summer many girls went to her house on separate occasions for play dates. During these play dates in her home, she speaks freely and openly with the girls! Upon returning to school, the other girls rush to tell me that she spoke – loudly! I am so proud of their caring and accepting attitudes toward this girl!!

Tuesday, October 7, 2008

Lori Daniels Ch.14-28 Absorbent Mind

Lori Manzino-DanielsOctober 6, 2008 Chapter Summaries
Chapter 14 The guidance of the hand through the working of the mind enables the child to reach his highest physical and mental potentialities outward and inward into the depth of his soul.
Chapter 15 In following the laws of child development and personal growth we must allow a child to complete a full cycle of his chosen activities to aid in the preparation of this child, enabling the imitation of actions he previously observed by the adult.
Chapter 16 The period of existence within the unconscious creator acquires powers that will formulate into usage as the child enters into a period of “real work and “joy” containing memory capabilities that will reveal itself as the conscious worker.
Chapter 17 The child begins associating by way of nature and initial use of his senses within his being at the first sign of life; in which absorption and growth of both mental and internal stimuli of his culture culminate to form the child’s physical, intellectual and imaginative existence.

Quote Isabella p. 175-176“Is the child’s mental horizon limited to what he sees? No. He has a type of mind that goes beyond the concrete. He has the great power of imagination.”
“If therefore he has formed an idea an idea of it, this can be only in virtue of an intangible power of his mind, an imaginative power.”
“The child’s mind between three and six can not only see by intelligence the relations between things, but it has the higher power still of mentally imagining those things that are not directly visible.”
Is the imaginary friend this young girl talks about stemming solely from her imagination? Or, does it come about from some unconscious need? Is the child comforted by having something or someone with her at all times?
Chapter 18 Natural laws and the child’s individualistic efforts and creative energies in combination with obstacles he encounters along his path; contained in his home and social environment, build upon each period in the earlier years of the child’s life to form his character. Chapter 19 The integration of the mental and physical characteristics of the child, stemming from freedom, engagement in attractive and interesting materials within a prepared environment conducive to the completion of a full cycle of activity develop into a state of normalization of the child’s inner being.
Chapter 20 Through practice, qualities such as care and patience given in the creative formative years by allotting the child time to work effectively will build character within oneself to be carried over into adulthood by adopting and aspiring to higher levels of progress in their lives.

Quote p.220 “The children who tore up the plants in the garden now watch their growth, count their leaves and measure their height. They no longer speak of my plant, but of the plant.”

As I read this, it reminded me of last spring at our school when we planted pea pods with the children. In the beginning the children would walk through the plantings having to be reminded not to do so. Once they saw growth and peas pods begin to emerge they walked around the area and marveled at how many peas pods had grown. They even counted them from day to day. It was lovely to observe the change in the children’s demeanor.

Chapter 21 Through the development of independence and exercise of free will that nature bestows upon the children through special interests, the desire to just possess becomes a thirst for the knowledge obtained from working with the object as a result of the love for ones surroundings.
Chapter 22 The preparation of the environment combined with the multi-aged children creates an atmosphere rich in patience, respect for others and their work, encouragement, role modeling, as well as a true sense of community; all of which are necessary in social development. Chapter 23 The guidance of the child within their free environment, letting them exercise what nature has given, will transform their individual accomplishments into their eagerness for group accomplishments thus forming a cohesive environment with which to dwell in.
Chapter 24 The allowance of the child to self correct through use of control of errors built into our materials will naturally educate the child and place him upon the path of acknowledgement and acceptance of errors in life, thus leading him closer to the road of perfection.
Chapter 25 Obedience consists in three levels; the first, with the child that can obey, but not always, leading to the child overcoming obstacles enabling him to always obey and finally to the development of the will thus allowing the power to obey possible.
Chapter 26 The teacher services the child by way of preparation, observance, guidance and patience, allowing the child the freedom to explore, engage and discover for themselves what they need for complete and absolute fulfillment within their souls.
Chapter 27 The teacher begins by watching over the environment through preparation of herself as well as its surroundings by typing to aid the child toward engagement and complete concentration through enticement and absence of interference until the child’s spirit has fully developed.
Chapter 28 It is at the footings of every foundational piece of our lives, and through the child eyes and natures wonder we see this extreme ideal that encompasses everything around us, it is the immeasurable power of love.

Friday, October 3, 2008

Philosophy Part ll: The Absorbent Mind

Philosophy Part ll
Evonne Liu
Assignment l―Day: 10/1/08
Outline of The Absorbent Mind

1. The Child’s Part in World Reconstruction
Education must start from birth since man begins his mental growth at the hour of birth and pursues it with the greatest intensity during the first three years of his life. The child is endowed with unknown powers to teach himself and does an impressive work of inner formation. He has the chance to build up a complete psychic structure, before the intelligence of grownups can reach his spirit and produce changes in it. During this early period of life, if education can help to unfold the child’s inborn psychic powers; the child becomes able to direct and to mold the future of mankind.


2. Education for Life
The concept of education must conform to the facts of human life.
The child can only build well when the parents’ help is given in a suitable way. Society must heed the child, recognize his rights and provide for his needs. Once adults have focused attention and studied on life itself, they may find out how knowledge should be governed to help the child to construct his work of formation and brings out the immense potentialities to endow him.


3. The Periods of Growth
From birth to six is the most important period of life. The movements the child acquires are in the sense that each proceeds out of a particular period of development. When the child begins to move, his mind, being able to absorb, has already taken in his surroundings. Before he starts moving at all, an unconscious psychological development has taken place in him, and when he initiates his first movements, this begins to become conscious. The hands are the instruments of man’s intelligence. The child is endowed with great creative energies. The energies belong to an unconscious mind, which has to become conscious through work and through an experience of life gained in the world. Only practical work and experience lead him to maturity.


4. The New Path
Scientists are now not only study adult specimens, but also taking new focus on the younger specimens. If we study the different forms of life, we find the necessity for two instinct ways of living. If we make this assertion of human life, it becomes necessary to study children, because of the effects they have upon adults. Human life is studied effectively,if we start with very beginning.


5. The Miracle of Creation
Every creature comes from a single first cell. The cell begins by dividing into two equal cells, then four eight, then eight sixteen, and so on. The cells then arrange and form the body and system of organs. If we realize how each complex system like organs, muscles, skin, and nerves function in the body, than we feel upon us the spell of the wonder and majesty of nature.


6. Embryology and Behavior
The investigating on the embryos and their behavioral patterns may help us to understand the formation for human characteristics and behaviors.


7. The Spiritual Embryo
The “Spiritual Embryo” is a decisive moment for the future. The child has to do huge creative work in this period. He has to absorb and adapt the environment surrounding him and then practices in his social group.


8. The Child’s Conquest of Independence
Children’s physical side grows according to natural laws; their mental creation develops by means of experience on his environment. We call such experience “work”. The child gains freedom by his development and growth. The freedom and “work” help the children to conquer independence.


9. The First Days of Life
The first lesson we must learn is that the tiny child’s absorbent mind finds all its nutriment in its surroundings. Mother-child’s special bond relationship helps the child to adapt his new world and develop normally. After this period the child uses his senses to absorb the life going on about him and becomes one with it.


10 Some Thoughts on language
All the sounds that occur in words are produced by the use of certain mechanisms. Children can construct their own machinery and so learn to perfect the languages he hears about. Circumstances are very important, too. If the child lives among educated people with rich vocabulary, he takes it in well; his language will be enriched no matter what his surroundings are.


11 How Language calls to the Child
The inner teacher does everything at right time. The child first fixes the sounds unconsciously; and then the syllables, following by a gradual process that is logical as the language itself. And then finally his language capability enters into the field of grammar. Nature lays down the whole language program for the child via the service and collaboration of the adults.

12 The Effect of Obstacles on Development
Since a child was born, he starts to face different degree of obstacles. Some of them may effect permanently in their life. It’s necessary to know the child’s whole life, or at least to investigate his immediate past. Before we can pacify this tiny creature in the difficulties he is facing. Our patience to wait for the right moment is very important for us to react properly and help their development.


13 The Importance of Movement in General Development
Movement is the final result of nervous energy transmission from brain, senses and muscles, and it expresses child’s personality and relationship to his surroundings. A child’s brain, senses and muscles must cooperate to let him reach high spirituality through action. Man’s movements have great importance in mental development and must be coordinated with the brain. Movement helps child to develop his mind and sensorial activity helps to bring up child’s mental level. Man’s muscles are uncoordinated and he has to learn to build them up by actions initiated by his mind. Child has to practice his internal power to bring about coordinations and to perfect them. In doing so a child can enrich his practical and executive sides of his mental life.


Quote:
There are different types of mentality in the successive phases of growth. These phases are quite distinct one from another, and they are corresponding with the phases of physical growth. (page 19)

Example:
My son’s baby teeth were changed very slowly. He only got 4 adult teeth by age 12. He didn’t grow very tall, either. I was always wondering why he was still acting like much younger than his age suppose to be. Next year by age 12 and half, he suddenly got 6 teeth wiggle and fell in two month. By that time he was not only got new teeth but also improved on his behavior. He suddenly became much mature and responsible. This shows the correspondence between physics and mental growth.


Quote:
The child’s first instinct is to carry out his actions by himself, without anyone helping him, and his first conscious bid for independence is made when he defends himself against those who try to do the action for him. To succeed by himself he intensifies his efforts.(page 91)

Examples:
The quote remind me a three year old girl, S, who insisted on doing zipper herself every morning. The first time she cried for mama because she couldn’t zipper her jacket. I offered my help but she rejected. She said, “I want to do it by myself.” I hinted to her how to slide one end to other side and helped her to hold the bottom of the zipper. I did this little help for her for about 1 week, then she practiced by her own. When she successfully did it herself one day, Her impression was shown on her face. She was very happy and show me, “ Look, I did it!”

A little boy with very tiny figure whose hand was always holds by other kids while proceeding in team. After a few times he refused others help. He wanted to walk by himself. The person who wanted to hold his hand said, “You’re a baby, let me held your hand.” He replied, “No, I’m not. I’m a big boy now.” He insisted to walk by himself without any help. This indicates that he wants to be independent without other’s help.

Quote:
The child is truly a miraculous being, and this should be felt deeply by the educator. In two years this mite has learned everything. In these two years we see a consciousness gradually awakening within him, at an ever faster rhythm, until suddenly it seems to be taken by a fair wind and begins to dominate everything. (page 121)

Example:Last year I had a 3 year old boy in the class who spoke Spanish at home. His mom told me that the boy was taking the lesson with Japanese and French. He spoke English at school. At the beginning of school year his English conversational skill was not very good. Sometimes the teachers were wondering if he understands what’s going on in the class. But about 6 months, later, his English improved a lot. It was amazing to see that little boy could use four languages at same time

Philosophy Part ll: The Absorbent Mind

Wednesday, October 1, 2008

Assignment 1

Hi Everyone! I originally posted my assignment as a comment on the first page, but I realized that was a boo-boo! Here it is!


Chapter One: The Child's Part in World Reconstruction
In order to create a new future, the natural and spontaneous psychic energy of every new life must be released with active care.

Chapter Two: Education for Life
Education must begin from birth and be a help to life.

Chapter Three: The Periods of Growth
The child's mind, which is completely different than our own, is able to unconsciously absorb knowledge from his life, effortlessly and joyfully.

Chapter Four: The New Path
Survival of the human species is based on a deep love for children who must be studied from the beginning of their creation.

Chapter Five: The Miracle of Creation
The cells of the developing embryo pass through distinct phases from seeming nothingness, to having organs of specialized functions formed around active points. The cells with the most complex tasks must have the most specialization to do the work “nature” has planned.

Chapter Six: Embryology and Behavior
Mental development passes through distinct phases from seeming nothingness to the formation of psychic organs around points of sensitivity.

Chapter Seven: The Spiritual Embryo
The newborn baby enters into a second embryonic phase during which her mental development is guided by awakenings that are similar to an animal's behavior instincts.

Chapter Eight: The Child's Conquest of Independence
The child, whose very nature is to achieve independence, can only achieve this state through constant, free activity.

Chapter Nine: The First Days of life
The child's mental life is created at birth, a time during which the mother-child bond must be protected and special attention paid to the environment.

Chapter Ten: Some Thoughts on Language
All children develop language spontaneously through stages as a result of unconscious work that manifests in bursts of growth followed by slower development.

Chapter Eleven: How Language Calls to The Child
A special mechanism exists for acquiring speech which helps the child to focus in on words and not other sounds in his environment. He should be offered many opportunities to hear clearly spoken words and not be kept in isolation.

Chapter 12: The Effect of Obstacles on Development
Children, being very sensitive to trauma, should be protected from violence of any kind, especially during the first two years of life which tend to influence the rest of his years.

Chapter 13: The Importance of Movement in General Development
Mental and spiritual growth is developed through purposeful physical actions guided by the child's mental activity. All living things move purposefully, unable to keep still.

Chapter 14: Intelligence and the Hand
The hand serves as a companion to the mind and the child must be given things over which he can exercise an intelligent activity on his way toward independence.

Quotes and Anecdotes

The role of the teacher
“To rule is the most difficult task of all, and requires a higher specialization than any. So there is no question of election, but of being trained and suited to the work. Whoever directs others must have transformed himself. No one can ever be a leader, or a guide, who has not been prepared for that work” (p. 45).

In my personal experience as a teacher and also as a mother of a child in a non-Montessori setting, I find the above quote to be absolutely true. In the last four years, the biggest change in my classroom and in my teaching has been an intense, internal preparation. I have questioned my old methods and assumptions about learning and the role of the teacher in a classroom and as a result I have been able to trust and to allow the children to lead their own learning. Teachers I have encountered in my son's school seem to be incredibly focused on “results” and “methods” and classroom management, completely ignoring their own importance as an influencer of children. My son and daughter have incredibly different views of learning already. My son abhors it and is only motivated by the constant stream of extrinsic rewards offered him at school. My daughter looks forward to trying new things and is excited to go to our school.


“We have to help the child to act, will, and think for himself. This is the art of serving the spirit, an art which can be practiced to perfection only when working among children” (p. 281).

On Thursday, I was visited by an inspector for the CACFP program which reimburses me for the food that I serve the children each day. The inspector periodically visits and watches snack or lunchtime, makes sure I am serving balanced and nutritious foods, and looks to see that my paperwork is up to date. On this visit, which was around 10 am, no children happened to be eating snack. The inspector said that since I stated snack time to be around 10 am, all children must be eating at that time and they have a 15 minute window to complete their snack! I spent a great deal of time explaining our snack routine (two kids at a time, by invitation, when they are hungry). I tried to explain that I am helping the children to recognize when they are feeling hungry, not to merely eat when I decide to feed them – that i am helping them to think for themselves. Needless to say, she was unconvinced and we are trying to work out a solution.

Normalization
“The deviated child has no love for his environment because he feels it to contain too many difficulties. For him it is too harsh and resistant.......The environment must be rich in motives which lend interest to activity and invite the child to conduct his own experiences” (p. 92).

I am struggling to reach three children in my classroom right now. One chooses no work (this is her second year), one chooses work occasionally, such as blocks or other transitional works (this is her fourth year), and one is constantly busy with her own work (usually dough or collage work) and wants nothing else (this is her third year). All three often complain of being “tired” and must take several rests despite not ever finding a state of deep concentration or contentment. We have a beautiful classroom filled with interesting works that seem to call to the other children. I am having trouble understanding what role I should take with these children since the environment itself is not calling to them.

Assignment 1 - Quotes 1,2

Assignment I Quotes


Quote: Pg 7.

Education is not something which the teacher does, but that it is a natural process which develops spontaneously in the human being. It is not acquired by listening to words, but in virtue of experiences in which the child acts on his environment.


The teacher’s task is not to talk, but to prepare and arrange a series of motives for cultural activity in a special environment made for the child.


Example:

There are many, but I pick this one because it is very recent. It has not even been three full weeks of school…there is a little boy L, who is still in many ways yet to get out of the 0-3y sub phase. L has been working with the world map puzzle day after day. He matches the continents to the control map over and over again. Just yesterday, I happened to be by him and said can you place N. America on my lap and HE COULD! I continued with the other continents and he knew all of them. I still do not know if he can name them himself…but he is well in the second period! He just turned three! He already can visually recognize the continents on earth…..Except for naming them for him the first couple of times our role was only in providing him with an environment in which he could internalize this all by himself!



Quote: Pg. 83.

The child seeks for independence by means of work; independence of body and mind.

Example:

I was in a class a handful of years ago…in a full day school. One girl C used to have difficulty undressing and dressing up (I believe everything was done for her at home). At school her clothes were very accessible to her. She went through a phase when she would get to her bin and keep changing her clothes multiple times a day. I noticed that over a period of few weeks she became very proficient with zippers, buttons, pulling clothes over her head, turning her clothes inside out etc. She was the class helper for any child struggling with their clothes. She slowly stopped changing her clothes multiple times a day. She had become completely independent in dressing herself up. I was so amazed with how she had sought out to grow independent in an area that she had difficulty in.

The Absorbent Mind

10/1/2008 Assignment
Philosophy Part II
The Absorbent Mind
Feng Mei Shao

In chapter 1, Montessori stresses the "greatest marvel of the Universe, the human being" and says that teachers can only give their help.

In chapter 2, Montessori continues to stress the importance of a child's learning and living of life through proper guidance.

In chapter 3, the periods of a child's growth are discussed and a rough timetable of what a child should be able to do at that time is shown (ex Age 5: make sounds)

In chapter 4, Montessori discusses the new path of human life and in order to study life effectively, we must start at the beginning.

In chapter 5, sketches and notes are presented on the formation of life and simple cells.

In chapter 6, we look at embryos and their behaviors for different species.

In chapter 7, we learn that man has two embryonic periods and outlines the
importance of a newborn baby and the care right after birth.

In chapter 8, the child's brain and thought process is discussed and we learn that he/she strives to be independent.

In chapter 9, the child's surroundings affect the child's mental life greatly and he will explore to satisfy his "mental hunger".

In chapter 10, language is shown to be a collective thought and a child will gradually develop language skills as he/she pieces words together.

In chapter 11, we see the awakening and the "need to express" of the child, thus creating language.

In chapter 12, we look at possible obstacles in a child's development like speech, courage, and knowledge.

In chapter 13, we see the importance of movement in an early child's development because it provides for his physical well being and puts a man
in touch with his world.

In chapter 14, we see how the hand and the mind work together and see how the brain affects the motor capabilities of the body.


Quote: “But the promise they hold can only be fulfilled through the experience of free activity conducted on the environment” (p. 96)

I observed two boys working on the Broad Stair. M was working on the Broad Stair. The boy Chase approached him and appeared to have made a suggestion. After a negotiation, the two boys agreed and together walked towards one of the shelves. They helped each other to bring back pieces of the Pink Tower. They kept going back and forth, combining the two materials together with frequent discussions, the children having fun while they learn. I believed that the enjoyable self-teaching and self-correcting. The children naturally would interact among themselves when solving their problems

Quote: “Once we have focused our attention and our studies on life itself, we may find that we are touching the secret of mankind and into our hands will fall the knowledge of how it should be governed and how helped.” (p. 17)

S is 5 ½ years old and an only child. He is much excelled in math and reading. S is very sensitive to making mistakes, and failures. Whenever he does something incorrectly, he will throw the material that he is using onto the ground, and become very upset with himself. Because of this behavior, none of the other children tend to talk to him. Because I observed this, I placed S with some younger children in the class. This was to have him see that it was okay to make mistakes as long as he learned from the mistakes.



Quote: “The immense influence that education can exert through children has the environment for its instrument, for the child absorbs his environment, takes everything form it, and incarnates it in himself. (p. 66)

Emily is four years old. Everyday, she will immediately go to the art section. She can focus on her art for three or four paintings. She uses many colors, and I personally think that her artwork is very pretty. She doesn’t go to other sections of the classroom very often. After I started noticing this, I began using art-related materials to teach her lessons. For example, I told Emily to draw out the Pink Tower blocks on pieces of paper, and color in the shape so she could see the sizes of the shapes. In the Practical Life section, I took several beginners materials and changed them into different colors. This way, it would catch Emily’s eye and make her want to come to different stations. After changing these things, I observed that Emily started going to different stations more often. (Although her first choice is still to go to the art section.) In conclusion, the prepared environment is important in motivating or engaging the child to learn.

Tuesday, September 30, 2008

The Absorbent Mind: The Absorbent Mind: Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

The Absorbent Mind: The Absorbent Mind: Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

Assignment I - Philosophy Part II

Philosophy Part II Assignment 1

October 1, 2008
Rati Sivashankar


Chapter 1:

The greatness of the human personality begins at birth and any change to be brought about on earth has to come from children for they are the makers of man.


Chapter 2:

Education must incorporate biological and social aspects wherein it is not only an education of the sciences but that of life itself to help form a whole human being.


Chapter 3:

There are distinct phases of growth in a child 0 – 6y (0-3, 3-6); 6y – 12y; 12y– 18y (12-15, 15-18). The first period is when impressions do not merely enter the child’s mind but form it…this has been referred to as the Absorbent Mind.


Chapter 4:

The child’s life is a connection between two adult lives; the adult who creates the child and the other who the child becomes. The whole life of the child is an advance toward perfection; as a result the child will enjoy doing the work to complete himself.


Chapter 5:

A single germ cell multiplying to multiple cells and then the different cells evolving to perform unique functions cause the formation of a human being.


Chapter 6:

Within the embryo is summed up the whole evolution of a species and the ability to incorporate changes to itself in response to its environment.


Chapter 7:

The child absorbs his environment, takes everything from it, and incarnates it in himself. What children are exposed to in this young age can bring humanity to a deeper understanding, a higher well- being and to a greater spirituality….the child is one that brings us great hope and a new vision.


Chapter 8:

The child is following nature’s plan; he arrives at freedom which is the first rule of life. He achieves independence by means of continuous activity and becomes free by means of continuous effort.


Chapter 9:

It is of great importance that the first few days of the infant’s life are spent in close proximity to its mother with minimal intrusions to his being. After a short period the child may be exposed to its culture / language and surroundings as it actively seeks out its environment mentally.


Chapter 10:

Language in a child develops naturally like a spontaneous creation provided there is language in his environment. There is an unconscious activity that prepares speech in a young child followed by a conscious process which slowly awakens and takes from the unconscious what it can offer.


Chapter 11:

The child is born with an innate ability to hear and then form language in speech form. The child must be exposed to clear articulate language to serve the need to acquire language which unites communities.


Chapter 12:

It is often we the adults who obstructs the child, and so become responsible for anomalies that last a lifetime. The real preparation for education is the study of one’s self; it is far more than the learning of ideas, it is the training of character and preparation of the spirit.


Chapter 13:

The whole system of brain, senses and muscles is called the system of relationship. The system must exert itself in all its parts, none of them being neglected for excelling in any one of the parts. To perfect any given activity, movement is needed provided that the action which occurs is connected with the mental activity going on.


Chapter 14:

The child whose intelligence is developed with the help of his hand reaches a higher level of intelligence and has a stronger character.

The Absorbent Mind: The Absorbent Mind: Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

October 1, Homework
The Absorbent Mind

Chapter 1: From the moment a child is born he is ready to learn and fulfill his destiny in the world that surrounds him.

Chapter 2: The child must be provided from birth with education to insure his success.

Chapter 3: Every stage of life is capable of different levels or forms of learning and physical and mental growth, the ages from birth – 6 being the most important.

Chapter 4: The child is an extension of their parents and also a new beginning for those parents.

Chapter 5: The development of an embryo from a single cell and how complex all the cells that multiply are to form a life.

Chapter 6: The development of cells their individuality, adaptability and importance to each living being.

Chapter 7: A child absorbs his environment and makes it his own, imprinting memories as he experiences life.

Chapter 8: A child has an inner need for independence, for his mental and physical development.

Chapter 9: From birth a child should part of his mother’s everyday life and be exposed to its new world and surroundings so it become comfortable with it and learns from it.

Chapter 10: A baby learns to speak from hearing human voices; the brain is programmed to favor that over any other sound it hears.

Chapter 11: How a child speaks develops from what he can hear and process and then verbalize, being sensitive to the sound of the human voice.

Chapter 12: The development of language should be carefully watched and the child should be allowed to express themselves, and we should be patient so we may understand.

Chapter 13: Movement is needed for the physical and mental development of a child.

Quote: All movement thus has a most intricate and delicate machinery. But in man none of it is established at birth. It has to be formed and perfected by the child’s activity in the world. Page 143

Quote: Dancing is the most individual of all movements, but even dancing would be pointless without an audience; in other words, without some social or transcendental aim.
Page 147

At my school there is one little girl that is very daring, loves to climb and hand upside down and swing from the play set wherever she can grab, trying to get higher every time. She scares us sometimes but we let her do as much as she wants at a safe level. Her movements have improved so much since last year. The best part of it all is that she has inspired movement in other children also. Even our three year old want to swing and hang upside down like her.

Quote: The child’s first instinct is to carry out his actions by himself, without anyone helping him, and his first conscious bid for independence is made when he defends himself against those who try to do the action for him. To succeed by himself he intensified his efforts. Page 90-91

When I read this right away I though of so many children that get so frustrated and upset when an adults does something for them because they (the adult) feel they need help or just can’t wait any longer for the child to be done. I watched this happen recently at school when a child was being picked up. The child wanted to open the sliding door on his mother’s van and attempted it several times to pull it. The mother waited for him to try a few time but then went ahead and opened the door. The child was so upset and started to cry and yell that “he wanted to do it”. She felt embarrassed because other parents were watching and I just felt sad for the little boy who just wanted to do it himself.

Quote: We can only use the machinery of our own language; no one but a child can construct his own machinery and so learn to perfection as many languages as he hears spoken about him. Page 111

We have a new little girl in our classroom that doesn’t speak a word of English, or I should say she didn’t speak a word of English when she started two weeks ago. She already says and understands the commands of our routine, wash hands, hanger, jacket, draw, line, paper, outside, and can follow and remember song that we sing at circle time. I am in constant amazement of what children can learn when it comes to languages. We have another little girl that last year didn’t speak English and is speaking almost perfectly this year. I can’t remember from one day to the next a word that she teaches me. When I started school in this country in Kindergarten I didn’t speak English either and remember clearly not understanding the teacher but I don’t remember when I started to understand. I know that by first grade I spoke and understood perfectly.

The Absorbent Mind: Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

The Absorbent Mind: Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

Just checking if this works.

Monday, September 29, 2008

October 1 Homework

Chapter 1
Everytime a baby is born there is a new chance for a better person to exist on our planet, who can create a better, peaceful, loving world.

Chapter 2
Education begins at birth and should incorporate all aspects of the human in order to create a healthy normalized person.

Chapter 3
There are three stages to human growth. The greatest changes occur from 0-6 and 12-18. After 18 we only grow in age.

Chapter 4
People and animals live two lives, one as parent and one as a member of society. Our better half comes through with our children.

Chapter 5
Nature is brilliant. Every organ in our body is intricate and all the organs are interconnected yet man is created from a single cell.

Chapter 6
The newborn baby is like the single cell. He is about to transform through absorbing his environment in to a man of his time that can accomplish wonders.

Chapter 7
Surroundings and experiences in childhood have an immense effect on the spirit of man. You cannot change or fix an adult. To influence society we must turn our attention to childhood.

Chapter 8
It is normal for a child to want to be mentally and physically independent. A child achieves freedom through constant movement, work and interaction with the environment.

Chapter 9
At first a child must remain with his mother but then needs mental stimulation through social interactions for psychological health.

Chapter 10
Learning your first language happens effortlessly through absorption. It is incredible how easily and effortlessly a child learns to speak correctly by the age of 6.

Chapter 11
Hearing human voices stimulates and excites a baby more than any other sound. Babies need to be exposed to adult language spoken clearly.

Chapter 12
If children do not or cannot communicate or be understood it may cause tantrums and if they are not gently encouraged to speak it can cause a permanent difficulty with speech.

Chapter 13
Mental development and physical development go hand in hand. Work is inseparable from movement.

Quotes and experiences…
1. "It is because the adult cannot always understand what the little child is trying to say that the child’s bouts of irritation and anger occur…All his efforts if not crowned with success, provoke him to rage." (128)

2. "…It often happens that a child does not react violently. It might be better if they did, because the child who gets angry has discovered how to defend himself, and may then develop normally. But when he replies by a change of character, or by taking refuge in abnormality, his whole life has been damaged. Adults are unaware of this and think there is nothing to worry about unless the child gets angry." (p132)

3. "I have worked for a long time…trying to make myself the child’s interpreter, and have noted with surprise how if you try to do this for them, they come running to look for you, as if understanding that here is someone who can help them."(p133)

4. "It seems clear that the tiny child’s basic need for order takes priority over all other social claims that the world may make upon him." (135)

I found chapter 12 very interesting; I had to pick four quotes and examples because I felt they all were connected. I was reminded of experiences with my son (3) and daughter (4 ½) and one of my students, named E (4 1/2).

My son C just turned three. C is having a lot of tantrums lately. The minute something does not go as expected or requires effort he gets furious and cannot be calmed down until we can figure out and mend the disorder that has disturbed him. This rage is shocking to us but to read that this is normal and actually a healthy response is a comfort.

Next I think of E my student who is 4 ½ and does not speak clearly and is very hard to understand. When you ask her to repeat herself she does but lately is beginning to respond with "Just forget it." It is easier to just give up than have to repeat herself continually to everyone. I see now that the fight to communicate in C may be better than E giving up.

E’s friend M also 4 1/2 speaks perfectly but since school began she is spending more and more time with E and she has begun to talk like E- using a silly babyish voice. It worries me because she doesn’t know that E isn’t trying to be silly (although E does act silly to cover up her difficulty with speaking.) I'm not sure what to say or do. I am worried that M will offend E. I have simply told M I don’t understand her and to please speak clearly when she is talking to an adult.

Finally, I think of how fortunate my son is to have his big sister. She is his best interpreter. When ever I don’t know what he has said I ask my daughter and she always knows. Fortunately her ability to translate has not diminished C's need to talk and make himself heard.

Tuesday, September 16, 2008

Monday, September 15, 2008

Outline of Montessori Philosophy Part 2

CMTE NJ 2008 Assignments:

Students will read The Absorbent Mind. They will write a summary sentence for each chapter. They will write five quotes from five different chapters they see as significant. They will write five examples from their experience in the classroom that confirms, contradicts or raises questions about these quotations. They will comment on one of each classmates examples.
Students will research and write a three page paper on Montessori and Peace Education. One page details a method of incorporating a peace curriculum in the 3-6 classroom. Further details will be provided during the course.
Each Student will write a comparison of Montessori and another educational model. Details to be provided during course.
Album check on final night of class. Philosophy albums should contain tabbed sections according to the document: Guide to Organizing Your Philosophy Album.


Sessions Dates and Assignments:

1. September 24 Wednesday The Village School, Warwick NJ 5:00PM to 8:00PM.

Receive Notes and details of assignments:

Assignment For October 1: Online session. By October 1, 5 pm you must read The Absorbent Mind. [Chapter 1-13] and
a. Post one sentence sumary of each chapter.
b. Post 3 quotes relating to:
Sensitive Periods,
Normalization,
Psychic Principles,
Prepared E Environment,
Role of the Teacher.
c. Post three examples from your experience with children that confirms,
contradicts or raises questions about these quotations.



2. October 1, Wednesday Online. 5:00PM.

View and comment on class postings.

Assignment for October 8:
a. Post summaries of chapters 14-28 of The Absorbent Mind.
b. Add two more significant quotations from these chapters.
c. Add two more experiences from your classroom that confirm, contrdict or
question the meaning of these quotations.



3. October 8, Online by 5 PM:
a. Read the class' postings. Make at least three comments on the
postings, quotations or experiences.
b. Research and Write a two page paper on Peace Education. It must
include a lesson plan for how you will implement Peace Education in the
3-6 classroom.



4.October 15 Online by 5 PM Final class

a. Post paper on Peace Education.
b. Post links to other methods of Education such as Reggio Emilia,
Rudolf Steiner Waldorf, High/Scope, Bank Street,
c. Comment on similarities and differences between Montessori and one
of these or another method.

Albums will be checked at another time.